Meaning
Numerical simulation software predicts the interaction of heat, moisture and airflow within a confined architectural or agricultural volume. Architects use micro climate modeling to evaluate how building orientation and window placement affect the comfort levels of the interior spaces. This analysis identifies hot spots or areas of stagnant air before construction begins.
Thermal Gradient
Temperature differences between the floor and ceiling drive the movement of air through natural convection currents. High fidelity micro climate modeling accounts for solar radiation, human heat loads and the insulation properties of the wall materials. Engineers adjust the ventilation strategy to minimize these gradients and reduce energy costs.
Calculations for these models include the specific heat of every surface to track how energy is stored and released over a twenty four hour cycle. This level of detail ensures that the model reflects the actual thermal inertia of the building mass.
Boundary Condition
Accurate results depend on the input data representing the external weather and the specific heat capacity of the objects inside the room. Sensors placed at the edges of the space provide the initial values for micro climate modeling trials. Any error in these starting parameters propagates through the entire simulation.
Prediction Accuracy
Validation of the digital model involves comparing predicted temperatures against actual measurements taken in a physical prototype. Reliable micro climate modeling prevents the installation of oversized cooling equipment. Designers trust these results to justify the use of passive cooling techniques.
