Meaning
Metrics describe the period during which a company has already paid for its inputs but has not yet received payment for its outputs. A cash conversion cycle deficit occurs when the time taken to sell inventory and collect receivables is longer than the time allowed to pay suppliers. This situation creates a constant need for external financing.
Liquidity Gap
Funding must be secured to cover the daily costs of the business while the cash is tied up in stock. When a cash conversion cycle deficit is present, the firm must use bank overdrafts or lines of credit to pay its workers. This gap becomes wider as the company grows because larger orders require more upfront investment.
Financing Burden
Interest payments on the debt used to bridge the gap can erode the profit margins of the company. A persistent cash conversion cycle deficit forces the management to prioritize seeking new lenders, which reduces the time available for improving the product. If the cost of borrowing rises, the entire business model may become unviable.
This pressure often leads to a search for more efficient logistics.
Operational Limit
Production cannot expand beyond the capacity of the current credit facilities to fund the gap. Every new unit produced deepens the cash conversion cycle deficit until the customer pays. A company that grows too fast without fixing this timing issue will eventually run out of cash despite being profitable.
This risk is known as overtrading and is a frequent cause of failure in manufacturing. Fixing the inventory turnover or negotiating better payment terms with suppliers is the only way to close the gap.